REVIEW  IDIOPATHIC NORMAL PRESSURE HYDROCEPHALUS REVISITED: THE ROLE OF INTERDISCIPLINARITY Open access

Journal of Neurosurgical Sciences 2025 February;69(1):37-45

DOI: 10.23736/S0390-5616.25.06390-8

Copyright © 2025 THE AUTHORS

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lingua: Inglese

Is normal pressure hydrocephalus a movement disorder?

Giovanni MOSTILE ^{1, 2}, Giulia DONZUSO ¹, Katarina LAURELL ³, Mario ZAPPIA ¹ ✉

¹ Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy; ² IRCCS Oasi Research Institute, Troina, Enna, Italy; ³ Division of Neurology Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden

Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) represents a nosographic entity characterized by phenotypic variability. In this context, the need arises to differentiate iNPH from neurological conditions characterized by impairment in mobility and cognition, including atypical and secondary parkinsonism, with which it shares several common aspects. In this review we will discuss clinical evidence supporting different iNPH clinical phenotypes mimicking Parkinson’s disease and secondary/atypical parkinsonism, indicating iNPH as a neurological condition that should be considered by movement disorders specialists. We will also propose a preliminary diagnostic algorithm combining clinical, imaging and biological markers leading to a multidimensional diagnosis of iNPH associated with parkinsonism.

KEY WORDS: Hydrocephalus, normal pressure; Parkinsonian disorders; Movement disorders