REVIEW   

Minerva Dental and Oral Science 2024 April;73(2):119-30

DOI: 10.23736/S2724-6329.22.04724-6

Copyright © 2022 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA

language: English

Eagle and Ernest syndromes: a scoping review

Raúl FRUGONE-ZAMBRA ¹ ✉, Andrea BERZAGHI ², Javier GÓMEZ-ÁLVAREZ ³, Alessandro BIANCHI ², Sergio BORTOLINI ²

¹ San Sebastián University, Santiago, Chile; ² Department of Surgery, Medicine and Dentistry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; ³ Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social, San Josè, Costa Rica

INTRODUCTION: Ossification disorders can affect the stylohyoid ligament as well the stylomandibular ligament. The symptomathology between those syndromes and other pathologies it has been a problem because there is not a guideline.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: With the aim to establish prevalence, diagnosis and etiopathogenesis of Eagle and Ernest syndromes, a scoping review was performed base on PRISMA criteria.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: To review stylohyoid ligament and Eagle Syndrome 93 articles were selected. Three articles regarding the stylomandibular ligament and Ernest Syndrome were founded and selected.
CONCLUSIONS: Both syndromes should be clinically diagnosed and corroborate with imaging (2D or 3D), although imaging in Ernest Syndrome is not clear as well in Eagle Syndrome. A decisional algorithm for diagnosis of Eagle Syndrome and Ernest Syndrome is presented.

KEY WORDS: Eagle Syndrome; Ligaments; Review