The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness 2021 Jan 20

DOI: 10.23736/S0022-4707.21.11573-7

Copyright © 2021 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA

lingua: Inglese

Left ventricular rotational mechanics in elite athletes doing high dynamic sports. Insights from the three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiographic MAGYAR-Sport Study

Nándor GYENES ¹, Árpád KORMÁNYOS ¹, Anna VÁGVÖLGYI ¹, Péter DOMSIK ¹, Anita KALAPOS ¹, Nóra AMBRUS ¹, Csaba LENGYEL ¹, László BALOGH ², József PUCSOK ², Attila NEMES ¹ ✉

¹ Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; ² Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

BACKGROUND: In normal circumstances while left ventricular (LV) apex rotates counterclockwise, LV base has a clockwise movement at the same time. This sort of towelwringing-like movement is called LV twist. The present study was designed to test whether differences in LV rotational mechanics could be detected in elite athletes doing high dynamic sports with different static components in their training.
METHODS: The subject group comprised 80 elite sportsmen. The following groups were created regarding their physical activity: Group CI (high dynamic/low static)(n=13, mean age: 24.0±5.1 years, Group CII (high dynamic/moderate static)(n=23, mean age: 24.6±7.7 years) and Group CIII (high dynamic/high static)(n=34, mean age: 22.8±6.0 years). Their results were compared to 67 age- and gender-matched non-athletic healthy controls (mean age: 24.0 ± 5.1 years, 33 men). Three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography was used for the evaluation of LV rotational abnormalities.
RESULTS: Reduced LV basal rotation was seen in Group CII and CIII subjects compared to the control group (-4.31 ± 1.82 degrees vs. -3.17 ± 2.81 degrees and -2.88 ± 1.88 degrees, p<0.05 and p<0.05, respectively). It was accompanied with LV twist reduction in Groups CII and CIII subjects compared to the control group (14.0 ± 3.4 degree vs. 11.3 ± 4.3 degrees and 11.5 ± 4.1 degrees, p<0.05 and p<0.05, respectively). None of the elite athletes showed absence of LV twist called as LV ‘rigid body rotation’.
CONCLUSIONS: Significant LV rotational abnormalities including reduced LV basal rotation and twist could be detected in elite athletes doing high dynamic sports with moderate/high static components in their training.

KEY WORDS: Three-dimensional; Speckle-tracking; Echocardiography; Sport; Left ventricular; rotation; Twist