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Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche 2018 September;177(9):443-51
DOI: 10.23736/S0393-3660.17.03563-X
Copyright © 2017 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA
lingua: Inglese
Acute hormonal and neuromuscular response to different resistance loading in young pre- and middle-aged postmenopausal women
Matej VAJDA 1, 2 ✉, Jana KOVÁROVÁ 1, Monika OKULIAROVÁ 3, Ján CVEČKA 1, 2, Peter SCHICKHOFER 1, Ľubica BÖHMEROVÁ 1, Marian VANDERKA 1, Tomáš KAMPMILLER 1, Dušan HAMAR 1, Michal ZEMAN 3, Milan SEDLIAK 1, 2
1 Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia; 2 Aging and Lifestyle Diseases Research Center, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia; 3 Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
BACKGROUND: This study compares the acute hormonal and neuromuscular responses to different resistance protocols in young and middle-aged postmenopausal women.
METHODS: Eight premenopausal (age: 22.6±2.5) and nine postmenopausal (age: 55.2±5.7) non-trained women volunteered in a repeated crossover study. They performed two different acute loading sessions in a random order: constant resistance loading (CRL) with 75% of 1RM, and isokinetic resistance loading (IRL) with superimposed mechanical stimuli on a horizontal leg-press device. Hormone concentrations were determined pre (30 min) and post (15 min) loading protocols.
RESULTS: All strength parameters decreased after IRL in premenopausal and CRL in postmenopausal women, respectively (P≤0.05). Testosterone, estradiol and cortisol decreased (P≤0.05) after both protocols in premenopausals only. Testosterone (P≤0.05) and estradiol (P≤0.05) responses after CRL and in cortisol following IRL (P≤0.05) were larger in pre- compared with postmenopausal women.
CONCLUSIONS: Acute resistance loading induced more pronounced hormonal responses in pre- vs. postmenopausal women, regardless of the type of loading. A moderate intensity loading of 75% of 1RM induced similar neuromuscular and endocrine responses compared to supramaximal type of loading in both groups. No additional benefit of supramaximal type of loading in untrained pre- and postmenopausal women is to be expected, at least in the early phases of strength exercise intervention.
KEY WORDS: Hormones - Postmenopause - Resistance training - Neuromuscular manifestations - Muscle strength