ORIGINAL ARTICLE  EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOMECHANICS 

The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness 2020 August;60(8):1101-9

DOI: 10.23736/S0022-4707.20.10793-X

Copyright © 2020 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA

language: English

Dynamics of ventilation parameters at different load intensities and the options to influence it by a breathing exercise

Petr BAHENSKÝ ¹ ✉, Václav BUNC ², David MARKO ¹, Renata MALÁTOVÁ ¹

¹ Department of Sports Science, Faculty of Education, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic; ² Sports Motor Skills Laboratory, Faculty of Sports, Physical Training and Education, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic

BACKGROUND: Minimizing the energy required for breathing muscles is based on the adaptation of the respiratory muscles which is reflected in the reduction of breathing frequency (BF) and tidal volume (VT) increase. This may be influenced through a targeted BE and the quality of breathing may be linked to endurance performance. Aim of this study was assess dynamic ventilation parameters at different load intensities and their changes due to the systematic breathing exercise (BE).
METHODS: Study recruit 36 runners of both sexes with a mean age 16.8±1.6 years. A random distribution was performed. The intervention program consisted of a set of BE aimed at the activation of the diaphragm. We monitored the dynamics of ventilation parameters at intensities 2, 3, 4 W/kg during a stepped test on a bicycle ergometer.
RESULTS: The BE was focused on the activation of the diaphragm for a 12.2±3.6 minutes per day, sixteen weeks. After eight weeks, there were significant changes in VT and BF (P<0.05). After sixteen weeks there was a significant increase in VT of 5.7-18.3% (P<0.01), depending on the load level, BF values decreased significantly by 5.4-14.4% (P<0.01). VE and VO2 values were without changes. There were no significant changes in the control group.
CONCLUSIONS: It was confirmed that the two-month BE intervention focused on the activation of the diaphragm is sufficient and resulted in a significant change in the values of dynamic ventilation parameters. After four months of intervention, the changes are significantly greater compared with values found after a two-month intervention period.

KEY WORDS: Breathing exercises; Indirect calorimetry; Ventilation