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Minerva Pneumologica 2002 September;41(3):91-100

Copyright © 2002 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA

language: Italian

Immunopathological bases and therapeutic prospects of allergic airways diseases in children

Tosca M., Ciprandi G.

Allergic reaction is characterized by an abnormal synthesis of specific IgE, which is regulated by T helper 1, 2 and 3. The prevalence of allergic diseases is continuously increasing, a possible explanation may be due to a defect of maturative signals in the immune system, persisting in a Th2 polarization. A close relationship between upper and lower airways is well known. Allergic rhinitis, viral rhinitis, and rhinosinusitis may worsen asthma. Thus, a correct diagnosis is mandatory to recognize these disorders. An adequate treatment of upper airways disease allows to fruitfully manage asthmatic patients, mainly in children. Clinical evidence supports the continuous prescription of antihistamines, such as terfenadine and cetirizine, in allergic children. Findings show: significant improvement of symptoms, both in upper and lower airways, control of allergic inflammation, prevention of upper respiratory infections, and positive impact on pharmacoeconomic parameters.