REVIEW   

Minerva Pediatrica 2018 February;70(1):67-78

DOI: 10.23736/S0026-4946.17.05131-3

Copyright © 2017 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA

language: English

Antithrombotic treatment in neonates and children

C. Heleen van OMMEN ✉

Department of Pediatric Hematology, Sophia Children’s Hospital ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

Despite the increasing incidence of venous thromboembolic disease in pediatric patients, it remains a rare complication in childhood. Particularly neonates and adolescents are at risk for development of venous thrombosis. Spontaneous thrombotic events are sporadic, the majority of children have multiple coexisting risk factors, including central venous catheter, asphyxia, congenital heart disease, infection, malignancy, surgery and hypovolemia. Most thrombi are diagnosed by ultrasonography. Recommendations for management of pediatric thrombosis are typically extrapolated from adult studies, despite many differences between adults and children, including developmental hemostasis. This review will focus on the management of venous thrombosis in neonates and children, and discuss the use of the available antithrombotic agents in both age categories with reference to those differences.

KEY WORDS: Venous thrombosis - Anticoagulants - Thrombolytic therapy