REVIEW  HIP PERIPROSTHETIC JOINT INFECTIONS: PREVENTION, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT 

Minerva Orthopedics 2022 August;73(4):336-46

DOI: 10.23736/S2784-8469.21.04190-0

Copyright © 2021 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA

language: English

Guidelines and evidence-based medicine on hip periprosthetic joint infections prevention

Emilio ROMANINI ^{1, 2} ✉, Gabriele TUCCI ^{2, 3}, Laura PAVAN ², Massimo FANTONI ⁴, Roberto PADUA ^{1, 2}, Giancarlo CECCARELLI ⁵, Gustavo ZANOLI ^{2, 6}

¹ RomaPro Center for Hip and Knee Arthroplasty, Polo Sanitario San Feliciano, Rome, Italy; ² GLOBE, Italian Working Group on Evidence Based Orthopedics, Rome, Italy; ³ Ospedale dei Castelli, Ariccia, Rome, Italy; ⁴ Department of Laboratory and Infectious Diseases; IRCCS A. Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation, Rome, Italy; ⁵ Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Umberto I Polyclinic Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy; ⁶ SM Maddalena Nursing Home, Occhiobello, Rome, Italy

The prevention of surgical site infections is a priority within the objectives of the National Health System. The negative consequences that postoperative infections entail (morbidity, duration of hospitalization, mortality) represent serious events both for the individual patient and for the community, in consideration of the care resources necessary to treat them. Aim of this paper is to review the scientific evidence derived from accredited and recent guidelines regarding the available methods of infection prevention in hip arthroplasty, in order to establish those that present reliable evidence to support and that deserve to be shared, implemented and that ultimately represent an indicator of the quality of care that we are able to provide to our patients. A review was conducted on the MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane Library databases from January 2010 to May 2021 aimed at finding guidelines of high methodological quality produced by super partes or independent international bodies. The paper analyzes risk factors for infection and provides a summary of best practices that can minimize infectious risk in hip surgery. Adherence to the recommendations expressed by multidisciplinary, evidence-based, up-to-date and authoritative guidelines is the most rigorous way to offer the patient a high standard of care.

KEY WORDS: Infections; Prevention and control; Guideline; Evidence-based medicine; Arthroplasty, replacement, hip