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REVIEWS GnRH NEURON BIOLOGY AND CONGENITAL HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM
Minerva Endocrinologica 2016 June;41(2):211-22
Copyright © 2016 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA
language: English
Neuroradiological findings in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
Alessandro SALVALAGGIO 1, Andrea ELEFANTE 2, Renzo MANARA 3 ✉
1 Neurology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; 2 Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy; 3 Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) is a clinical hallmark of a heterogeneous group of acquired and inherited diseases. Patients with HH undergo brain imaging in order to investigate morphological or signal abnormalities at the level of the hypothalamic-pituitary structures. The presence of tumors, lesions or atrophy might be the explanation of the hormone dysfunction. Nonetheless, in most patients both the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland appear normal. In some cases, the presence of ancillary, not necessarily HH-related brain abnormalities might provide significant clues on the underlying condition. We addressed those conditions associated with HH subdividing them into acquired or inherited diseases, highlighting the neuroradiologic features that might help in the diagnosis.