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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Minerva Biotechnology and Biomolecular Research 2021 September;33(3):135-40
DOI: 10.23736/S2724-542X.20.02634-8
Copyright © 2020 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA
language: English
Diallyl disulfide regulates proliferation, apoptosis and aerobic glycolysis by down-regulating PKM2 in gastric cancer cells
Zhiyan LI 1, Baiwei ZHAO 2, Deyao ZHANG 2, Juan DENG 1, Yongming CHEN 2 ✉, Jian ZHOU 3
1 Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital Xingsha Branch, Changsha, China; 2 Department of Gastroenterology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; 3 Department of Radiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to identify the mechanisms by which diallyl disulfide (DADS) regulates proliferation, apoptosis and aerobic glycolysis by down-regulating PKM2 in gastric cancer cells.
METHODS: HGC-27 gastric cancer cells were cultured. The glucose concentration and lactate level in the medium were examined using a Glucose Colorimetric Assay Kit II and a Lactate Assay Kit, respectively. Cell lysates were analyzed by western blot using antibodies specific for PKM2, LDHA, Mcl-1, Bcl-XL and GAPDH, and the mRNA levels of PKM2 were determined by real-time PCR using specific primers. shRNA-PKM2 was transfected into HGC-27 cells using Lipofectamine 2000. Cellular growth inhibition was assayed using the CCK8 method. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 17.0 software.
RESULTS: Inhibition of anaerobic glycolysis was observed in diallyl disulfide-treated HGC-27 cells, including an increased glucose concentration in the medium, decreased lactate production in the medium and down-regulation of PKM2, LDHA, Mcl-1 and Bcl-xl expression. Furthermore, down-regulation of PKM2 inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in HGC-27 human gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. We further found that DADS did not significantly suppress anaerobic glycolysis or proliferation and induced apoptosis when down-regulating PKM2.
CONCLUSIONS: DADS suppressed proliferation and induced apoptosis in HGC-27 human gastric cancer cells by suppressing aerobic glycolysis through the down-regulation of PKM2. These results indicated that PKM2 may serve as a potential gene therapy target.
KEY WORDS: Diallyl disulfide; Stomach neoplasms; Glycolysis