ORIGINAL ARTICLE   

Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche 2018 January-February;177(1-2):8-13

DOI: 10.23736/S0393-3660.17.03488-X

Copyright © 2017 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA

language: English

Frequency of gestational diabetes mellitus and its association with risk factors in Mexico

Rafael M. VIOLANTE-ORTIZ ¹, Martín MARIE-TOGNOLA ¹, José A. CISNEROS-RODRÍGUEZ ¹, Esperanza MARTÍNEZ-ABUNDIS ², Miriam MÉNDEZ-del VILLAR ², Manuel GONZÁLEZ-ORTIZ ² ✉

¹ Department of Internal Medicine, Regional General Hospital, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Tampico, Mexico; ² Department of Physiology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and its association with risk factors in Mexico.
METHODS: 419 consecutive patients were included. A 3-hour oral glucose tolerance test with 100 g of dextrose was performed between weeks 24 and 28 of gestation. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, as well a logistic regression were performed.
RESULTS: 97 patients (23.2%) had GDM. The most common risk factors associated with development of GDM were body mass index (BMI) prior to pregnancy ≥25.0 kg/m2, age ≥25 years and familiar history of type 2 diabetes. There was an increased risk for GDM in patients with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 prior to pregnancy or with signs of insulin resistance, such as acanthosis nigricans or polycystic ovary syndrome.
CONCLUSIONS: The strongest risk factors associated with development of GDM were BMI ≥25 kg/m2 prior to pregnancy and presence of signs of insulin resistance.

KEY WORDS: Gestational diabetes - Glucose intolerance - Risk factors - Mexico