REVIEWS   

Minerva Gastroenterologica e Dietologica 2016 June;62(2):197-206

Copyright © 2016 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA

language: English

Neurological disorders and celiac disease

Giovanni CASELLA ¹, Bianca M. BORDO ², Renzo SCHALLING ³, Vincenzo VILLANACCI ⁴, Marianna SALEMME ⁴, Camillo DI BELLA ⁵, Vittorio BALDINI ⁶, Gabrio BASSOTTI ⁷ ✉

¹ Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Medical Department, Desio Hospital, Desio, Monza e Brianza, Italy; ² Neurology Department, Desio Hospital, Desio, Monza e Brianza, Italy; ³ Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Vimercate Hospital, Vimercate, Monza e Brianza, Italy; ⁴ Institute of Pathology, “Spedali Civili” Brescia, Brescia, Italy; ⁵ Pathology Department, Desio Hospital, Desio, Monza e Brianza, Italy; ⁶ Medical Department, Desio Hospital, Desio, Monza e Brianza, Italy; ⁷ Gastro‑Intestinal and Hepatology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia Medical School, Perugia, Italy

Celiac disease (CD) determines neurologic manifestations in 10% of all CD patients. We describe the most common clinical manifestations as cerebellar ataxia, gluten encephalopathy, multiple sclerosis, peripheral neuropathies, sensorineural hearing loss, epilepsy, headache, depression, cognitive deficiencies and other less described clinical conditions. Our aim is to perform, as more as possible, a review about the most recent update on the topics in international literature. It is important to consider clinical neurological manifestations in celiac patients and to research these conditions also in the follow-up because they may start also one year after the start of gluten free diet (GFD) as peripheral neuropathy. The association with autism is analysed and possible new association with non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) are considered.