SYSTEMATIC REVIEW   Free access

European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 2021 February;57(1):44-60

DOI: 10.23736/S1973-9087.20.06390-X

Copyright © 2020 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA

language: English

Localized muscle vibration in the treatment of motor impairment and spasticity in post-stroke patients: a systematic review

Christian AVVANTAGGIATO ^{1, 2}, Roberto CASALE ³, Nicoletta CINONE ¹, Salvatore FACCIORUSSO ¹, Antonio TURITTO ¹, Lucia STUPPIELLO ¹, Alessandro PICELLI ⁴, Maurizio RANIERI ⁵, Domenico INTISO ⁶, Pietro FIORE ^{2, 7}, Chiara CIRITELLA ¹, Andrea SANTAMATO ¹ ✉

¹ Unit of Spasticity and Movement Disorders, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; ² Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS Institute of Bari, Bari, Italy; ³ OPUS Medica Persons, Care and Research (PC&R), Piacenza, Italy; ⁴ Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Center, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; ⁵ Department of Basic Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, Aldo Moro University, Bari, Italy; ⁶ Department of Neuro-Rehabilitation IRCCS, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Research Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy; ⁷ Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy

INTRODUCTION: During the last decades, many studies have been carried out to understand the possible positive effects of vibration therapy in post-stroke rehabilitation. In particular, the use of localized muscle vibration (LMV) seems to have promising results. The aim of this systematic review was to describe the use of LMV in post-stroke patients to improve motor recovery, reducing spasticity and disability in both upper and lower limb.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Pedro and REHABDATA electronic database. Only randomized controlled trials have been included, excluding no-localized vibratory treatments and other pathological conditions. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Collectively, the studies involved 425 stroke patients. Most studies included chronic stroke patients (ten) and treated only the upper limb (eleven). There is evidence that LMV therapy is effective in reducing spasticity and improving motor recovery, especially when associated with conventional physical therapy.
CONCLUSIONS: LMV may be a feasible and safe tool to be integrated into traditional and conventional neurorehabilitation programs for post-stroke patients to reduce spasticity. Analysis of the available clinical trials do not allow us to indicate vibration therapy as effective in functional motor recovery, despite some studies showed encouraging results. Further studies, with larger size of homogeneous patients and with a shared methodology are needed to produce more reliable data, especially on the lower limb.

KEY WORDS: Vibration; Stroke; Muscle spasticity; Recovery of function